Migration And Its Effects On Population - 1558 Words

Abstract: Migration such as immigration or emigration is the transfer of alleles, which are responsible for genetic variations, from the gene pool of one population to another. Therefore, it may change allele frequencies or range due to the reproduction of the immigrated individuals. This study was performed to see how migration modifies the effects of frequent disasters on allele frequencies in moth populations. Migration would counteract the effects of natural disasters that increase genetic drift by introducing new alleles into the gene pool; this allows for new combinations and increases variability within populations. Keeping all other factors constant, PopGen was used to maneuver Hardy-Weinberg’s equilibrium parameters where different levels of migration decreases the harm caused by frequent and occasional disaster rates in a set population. As the migratory rate increases, the relative frequencies of each allele-â€Å"A† â€Å"a† remained closed to 0.5, respectively , indicating that by increasing variability, migration decreases the impacts of disaster rates on a population. Introduction: Population genetics is the study of alleles’ frequency changes and distributions in response to the five factors that drive evolution- natural selection, mutation, migration and genetic drift, within populations (McDonald and Linde, 2002). It focuses on interbreeding populations’ overall gene pool, and whether the present alleles changes over time. Alleles are gene variants at a loci in aShow MoreRelatedThe Positive and Negative Impacts of Migration in London Essay621 Words   |  3 Pagesnegative and positive effects of migration in London. As the London Migration Observatory claim London has the largest number of migrants among all regions of the UK. About 37% of the UK’s foreign-born population was in London (LMO, Dr.Rienzo and Dr.Vargas-Silva). Furthermore, According to the Benton-Smith statistic, London is the 5th International city in the world after NY, Toronto, Dubai and LA.That is why I am choosing this city. This research will analyze the impacts of migration to the London inRead MoreGlobalization And The Global Migration903 Words   |  4 Pages Global migration can be defined as the movement of large groups of people from one area to another. There are two kinds of migration. There is internal migration and there is external migration. External migration is the movement of groups of people between different countries. The movement doesn’t occur within the country. Internal migration is the movement of groups of people from one part of an area to another. The movement occurs within the country. Globalization is the global economic integrationRead MoreMigration Within a Countrys Borders Have Greater Negative Impacts at Their Origin Than Their Destination1338 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Migration within a country’s borders have greater negative impacts at their origin than their destination†. Discuss the statement [15 marks] Introduction * Definition of migration and internal migration * Reasons why people move (Push/Pull Factors) * Explain Lee’s migration model * Types of Internal Migration (Inter-urban, Intra-urban, counter urbanisation, urbanisation) Body * Social. Economic. Environmental. Political. (S.E.E.P.) impacts * Case Study (Statistics) Read MoreDiscuss the Issues Related to Genetic Diversity: Mutations, Sexual Reproduction, Migration, and Population Size.1087 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss the issues related to genetic diversity: mutations, sexual reproduction, migration, and population size. --- Generally speaking, there are numerous issues related to genetic diversity which include mutations, sexual reproduction, migration, and population size. To begin with, mutations (any change in the DNA sequence of an organism) introduce new genetic information into a population by altering alleles (a form of a gene usually arising through mutation) that are already present. OccasionallyRead MoreRelationship Between Net Migration And Economic Growth1024 Words   |  5 Pageshigher the country’s rate of population growth, the lower its income (GDP per capita) and therefore cause a decrease in economic growth. Therefore, net migration plays an important role in effect of economic growth. 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This means that the european industrial revolution brought on this change of population in many areas. Most places grew and expanded with the amount of people that prospered in it. The part about â€Å"Nothing remotely like this economic behavior has happened before†, means that the european industrial revolution was the start and the cause of waves of migration. Population grew because death rates decreased and birth rates increased. Town’s rural industries grew along withRead Morebiol 1209 writing assignment 1 Essay948 Words   |  4 PagesAllele Frequency of the Male Cichlid Fish Population General Research Question: Lake Malawi’s cichlid male population of fish are tested on their ability to build bowers to attract the female population. Altering this extended phenotype, or ability to build bowers resulted in no change of mating, but males that built successful bowers showed to be less aggressive with other males in the population. This is important in maintaining polymorphic populations (Magalhaes, 2014). In my self-createdRead MoreMigration And Its Effects On The Global Economy729 Words   |  3 Pagesmigration, a contribution to economic growth in the host country and the flow of remittances, money the migrants earn working abroad and then sending the earnings back to the family, to the home country. Yet, migration brings negative attitudes on immigrants such as â€Å"†¦worries that migration may reduce the job opportunities for natives and place a strain on public services†¦fears are exacerbated by the weak global economy, and many countries have adopted measures†¦to stem the flow of peoples acrossRead MoreClimate Change Is An Ongoing Problem1569 Words   |  7 Pagesworld. There are many health effects, shortage of resources due to energy use, and perhaps more importantly, the detrimental and in some cases irreversible environmental impacts. The climate does change due to natural forces, however; human impacts are the cause of such dramatic change. â€Å"Unless greenhouse gas emissions are severely reduced, climate change could cause a quarter of land animals, birdlife and plants to become extinct† (Weather Information, 2014). Some effects on these animals are mammals

Comparing A Painting By Fra Filippo Lippi And Dante Gabriel Rossetti Analysis Essay Example For Students

Comparing A Painting By Fra Filippo Lippi And Dante Gabriel Rossetti Analysis Essay The two pictures are Rosettis Ecce Ancilla Domini and Lippis Annunciation. Both of the artists were influenced by their age. Lippi lived in Italy between 1406 and 1469 and Rosetti from 1828 to 1882. Lippis background of Italian Renaissance determined his style to a large extent. In Florence where Lippi lived the economic changes of the time led to an emerging new class: that of the banker princes. They lent money to almost all the kings in western Europe and so they collected great fortunes. From their riches they could give patronage to all kinds of artists. This gave artists a stable living but did not give them the freedom that Rosetti enjoyed a few centuries later. Rosetti lived in England at a time when power came to the hands of a new industrial middle class who became the new patrons of the arts. They were rich but not as rich as the church or the patrons of Lippis time. Therefore, the artists could not enjoy the protection of this new class for years. Consequently, an artist had to sell pictures in open competition with his rivals on the walls of a salon or an Academy. This competition naturally led to a variety of styles. Some turned to history or exotic arts and others sought new ideas. One of such artists was Dante Gabriel Rosetti he turned against the neo-classical traditions of the Academy and looked for different inspiration. He wrote in 1901 that an artist, whether painter or writer, ought to be bent upon defining and expressing his own personal thoughts, and that they ought to be based upon a direct study of Nature, and harmonised with her manifestations. In the same year he founded with some fellow artists the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood based on the same principles. These ideas were not welcome by the public and Ecce Ancilla Domini one of Rosettis first paintings was severely abused. Rosetti was so offended by the criticism that he swore never to exhibit in public again. Rosettis age did not appreciate his art because they thought that the style Raphael established was the crowning of all paintings. This style was based on dark colours, artificial settings and a triangle composition. Rosetti wanted to free himself from these restrictions and this is why he turned to a style preceding that of Raphaels. Lippi who died twenty-two years before Raphael was born was much more determined by his age than Rosetti. Lippi was not a revolutionary artist, in his style we can recognise the influence of Masaccio, Donatello and Fra Angelico. It should be stated, however, that he was a master of his craft and made use of the tradition he learned with great ease. First, let us turn to Fra Filippo Lippis picture: Annunciation. The picture was painted about 1444. In it the modern viewer finds a strange approach to perspective: the setting itself is unnatural and respect for perspective is only shown in architectural setting. Even though, the architectural elements are realistic, the beams, the arches and the pillars seem to have a sole pictorial purpose. No such building exists where walls are missing and we cannot decide what is inside and what is outside. It seems that pictorial rules are subordinate to those of theology. God the Father is present at the top left corner of the picture with several angels on rock like clouds. An other uncommon feature of the painting is the angel looking in from an opening at the left side. In this figure it is possible that Lippi wanted to show us an earlier moment of the story when Gabriel was just coming to Mary. This way the freshness of the lily in the hand of the standing angel could be explained as well. It could show that Marys virginity is not in its full blossom as it will be at the time of the annunciation. All these strange elements are soothed by the simplicity of Mary and the lovely details of the picture: the flowers, the dove, the angels hair with the wreath. We also notice how the classicizing background pillars contrast Marys purity and give her a certain nobility. .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 , .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 .postImageUrl , .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 , .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46:hover , .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46:visited , .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46:active { border:0!important; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46:active , .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46 .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u171bd2bb528517cb72c5dde7d6093b46:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: AIDS (2827 words) EssayIt is also interesting how the pillars guide the eye upward strengthening the same feeling. A completely different feeling is achieved by Rosetti, he shows us a simple, confused Mary who has just woken up. He does not try to represent the annunciation, rather, like a poet, he tries to suggest the atmosphere of the event. In fact, Rosetti was a poet besides being a painter and in a sonnet composed to accompany his first painting The Girlhood of Mary Virgin, he describes in six lines his later work Ecce Ancilla Domini, which was painted a year later. So she held through her girlhood; as it were,An angel-watered lily, that near GodGrows and is quiet. Till one dawn at home She woke in her white bed and had no fear At all yet wept till sunshine and felt awed: Because the fullness of her time was near. There are other connections between these two paintings by Rosetti. In the Girlhood of Mary Virgin, Mary is doing a piece of embroidery which is already finished in Ecce Ancilla Domini. Probably just one night interludes between the two episodes since the embroidery is still on the stand in the later work. Here, in these two paintings, just as in Lippis painting where the development of the action is portrayed in the same picture, we can find two compositions showing two closely related incidents of Marys life. Besides Rosettis way of painting Mary in bed. There are other elements inconsistent with the traditional approach of showing the annunciation. First the shape of the picture itself is narrow, then Gabriel has flames at his feet but he has not got wings and there is some problem with the architecture of the building, we cannot see where the wall ends and the floor starts. With this we can draw a parallel with Lippis painting where architecture was also illogical. This brought us to the elements that connect Rosettis painting to a traditional one like Lippis. Although the colouring is mostly white the picture is patched with some gold, red and blue, the traditional colours of Marys virginity. Also, the lily is present in both paintings, again it is related to virginity and the dove too appears, which represents the Holy Spirit. All these differences and similarities could be related to the problems Rosetti had to face when painting a religious picture. Probably he wanted to be realistic as much as possible and at the same time following his ambition he wanted to express his thoughts as well. This could be achieved by mixing traditional elements with innovations. One such new element was covering the figures with simple white dresses. Probably Rosetti did not dress his figures in contemporary clothes because that would have been strange to the Victorian viewer. Painting the figures in white was a solution to this problem. This way managing to be realistic and contemporary at the same time.

Pablo Picasso And His Artistic Life Essay Example For Students

Pablo Picasso And His Artistic Life Essay Pablo picassoAnd his Artistic Life A report byterra hardmanIntroductionPablo Picasso was a Spanish painter and sculptor, generally considered the greatest artist of the 20th century. He was unique as an inventor of forms, as an innovator of styles and techniques, as a master of various media, and as one of the most prolific artists in history. He created more than 20,000 works. Picassos genius manifested itself early: at the age of 10 he made his first paintings, and at 15 he performed brilliantly on the entrance examinations to Barcelonas School of Fine Arts. Family lifeBorn in M?laga on October 25, 1881, Picasso was the son of Jos? Ruiz Blasco, an art teacher, and Mar?a Picasso y Lopez. Until 1898 he always used his fathers name, Ruiz, and his mothers maiden name, Picasso, to sign his pictures. After about 1901 he dropped Ruiz and used his mothers maiden name to sign his pictures. His large academic canvas Science and Charity, depicting a doctor, a nun, and a child at a sick womans bedside, won a gold medal. We will write a custom essay on Pablo Picasso And His Artistic Life specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Blue Period Between 1900 and 1902, Picasso made three trips to Paris, finally settling there in 1904. He found the citys bohemian street life fascinating, and his pictures of people in dance halls and caf?s show how he assimilated the postimpressionism of Paul Gauguin and the symbolist painters called the Nabis. The themes of Edgar Degas and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, as well as the style of the latter, exerted the strongest influence. Picassos Blue Room reflects the work of both these painters and, at the same time, shows his evolution toward the Blue Period, so called because various shades of blue dominated his work for the next few years. Expressing human misery, the paintings portray blind figures, beggars, alcoholics, and prostitutes, their somewhat elongated bodies reminiscent of works by the Spanish artist El Greco. Rose Period in Paris, Picasso met Fernande Shortly after settling Olivier, the first of many companions to influence the theme, style, and mood of his work. With this happy relationship, Picasso changed his palette to pinks and reds; the years 1904 and 1905 are thus called the Rose Period. Many of his subjects were drawn from the circus, which he visited several times a week; one such painting is Family of Saltimbanques. In the figure of the harlequin, Picasso represented his alter ego, a practice he repeated in later works as well. Dating from his first decade in Paris are friendships with the poet Max Jacob, the writer Guillaume Apollinaire, the art dealers Ambroise Vollard and Daniel Henry Kahnweiler, and the American expatriate writers Gertrude Stein and her brother Leo, who were his first important patrons; Picasso did portraits of them all. Protocubism In the summer of 1906, during Picassos stay in Gosol, Spain, his work entered a new phase, marked by the influence of Greek, Iberian, and African art. His celebrated portrait of Gertrude Stein reveals a masklike treatment of her face. The key work of this early period, however, is Les demoiselles dAvignon, so radical in style—its picture surface resembling fractured glass—that it was not even understood by contemporary avant-garde painters and critics. Destroyed were spatial depth and the ideal form of the female nude, which Picasso restructured into harsh, angular planes. Cubism—Analytic and Synthetic Inspired by the volumetric treatment of form by the French postimpressionist artist Paul Cezanne, Picasso and the French artist Georges Braque painted landscapes in 1908 in a style later described by a critic as being made of â€Å"little cubes,† thus leading to the term cubism. Some of their paintings are so similar that it is difficult to tell them apart. Working together between 1908 and 1911, they were concerned with breaking down and analyzing form, and together they developed the first phase of cubism, known as analytic cubism. Monochromatic color schemes were favored in their depictions of radically fragmented motifs, whose several sides were shown simultaneously. Picassos favorite subjects were musical instruments, still-life objects, and his friends. In 1912, pasting paper and a piece of oilcloth to the canvas and combining these with painted areas, Picasso created his first collage, Still Life with Chair Caning. This technique marked a transition to synthetic cubism. This second phase of cubism is more decorative, and color plays a major role, although shapes remain fragmented and flat. Picasso was to practice synthetic cubism throughout his career, but by no means exclusively. Cubist Sculpture Picasso created cubist sculptures as well as paintings. He also made constructions—such as Mandolin and Clarinet f rom odds and ends of wood, metal, paper, and nonartistic materials, in which he explored the spatial hypotheses of cubist painting. His Glass of Absinthe, combining a silver sugar strainer with a painted bronze sculpture, anticipates his much later â€Å"found object† creations, such as Baboon and Young, as well as pop art objects of the 1960s. Realist and Surrealist Works During World War I (1914-1918), Picasso went to Rome, working as a designer with Sergey Diaghilev and the Ballets Russes. He met and married the dancer Olga Koklova. In a realist style, Picasso made several portraits of her around 1917, of their son, and of numerous friends. In the early 1920s he did tranquil, neoclassical pictures of heavy, sculpturesque figures, an example being Three Women at the Spring, and works inspired by mythology, such as The Pipes of Pan. At the same time, Picasso also created strange pictures of small-headed bathers and violent convulsive portraits of women which are often taken to indicate the tension he experienced in his marriage. Although he stated he was not a surrealist, many of his pictures have a surreal and disturbing quality, as in Sleeping Woman in Armchair and Seated Bather. Paintings of the Early 1930s Several cubist paintings of the early 1930s, stressing harmonious, curvilinear lines and expressing an underlying eroticism, reflect Picassos pleasure with his newest love, Marie Th?r?se Walter, who gave birth to their daughter Ma?a in 1935. Marie Th?r?se, frequently portrayed sleeping, also was the model for the famous Girl Before a Mirror. In 1935 Picasso made the etching Minotauromachy, a major work combining his minotaur and bullfight themes; in it the disemboweled horse, as well as the bull, prefigure the imagery of Guernica, a mural often called the most important single work of the 20th century. GuernicaPicasso was moved to paint the huge mural Guernica shortly after German planes, acting on orders from Spains authoritarian leader Francisc o Franco, bombarded the Basque town of Guernica on April 26, 1937, during the Spanish civil war. Completed in less than two months, Guernica was hung in the Spanish Pavilion of the Paris International Exposition of 1937. The painting does not portray the event; rather, Picasso expressed his outrage by employing such imagery as the bull, the dying horse, a fallen warrior, a mother and dead child, a woman trapped in a burning building, another rushing into the scene, and a figure leaning from a window and holding out a lamp. Despite the complexity of its symbolism, and the impossibility of definitive interpretation, Guernica makes an overwhelming impact in its portrayal of the horrors of war. World War II and After Picassos palette grew somber with the onset of World War II (1939-1945), and death is the subject of numerous works, such as Still Life with Steers Skull and The Charnel House. He formed a new liaison during the 1940s with the painter Fran?oise Gilot who bore him two childr en, Claude and Paloma; they appear in many works that recapitulate his earlier styles. The last of Picassos companions to be portrayed was Jacqueline Roque, whom he met in 1953 and married in 1961. He then spent much of his time in southern France. Late Works: RecapitulationMany of Picassos later pictures were based on works by great masters of the past—Diego Velazquez, Gustave Courbet, Eugene Delacroix, and Edouard Manet. In addition to painting, Picasso worked in various media, making hundreds of lithographs in the renowned Paris graphics workshop, Atelier Mourlot. Ceramics also engaged his interest, and in 1947, in Vallauris, he produced nearly 2000 pieces. summary Throughout Picassos lifetime, his work was exhibited on countless occasions. Most unusual, however, was the 1971 exhibition at the Louvre, in Paris, honoring him on his 90th birthday; until then, living artists had not been shown there. In 1980 a major retrospective showing of his work was held at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. Picasso died in his villa Notre-Dame-de-Vie near Mougins on April 8, 1973. BibliographyPablo picassoAnd his Artistic Life A report byterra hardmanIntroductionPablo Picasso was a Spanish painter and sculptor, generally considered the greatest artist of the 20th century. He was unique as an inventor of forms, as an innovator of styles and techniques, as a master of various media, and as one of the most prolific artists in history. He created more than 20,000 works. Picassos genius manifested itself early: at the age of 10 he made his first paintings, and at 15 he performed brilliantly on the entrance examinations to Barcelonas School of Fine Arts. .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b , .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b .postImageUrl , .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b , .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b:hover , .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b:visited , .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b:active { border:0!important; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b:active , .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf02f75a9d3996dac88729b34641e9a4b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Solar energy EssayFamily lifeBorn in M?laga on October 25, 1881, Picasso was the son of Jos? Ruiz Blasco, an art teacher, and Mar?a Picasso y Lopez. Until 1898 he always used his fathers name, Ruiz, and his mothers maiden name, Picasso, to sign his pictures. After about 1901 he dropped Ruiz and used his mothers maiden name to sign his pictures. His large academic canvas Science and Charity, depicting a doctor, a nun, and a child at a sick womans bedside, won a gold medal. Blue Period Between 1900 and 1902, Picasso made three trips to Paris, finally settling there in 1904. He found the citys bohemian street life fascinating, and his pictures of people in dance halls and caf?s show how he assimilated the postimpressionism of Paul Gauguin and the symbolist painters called the Nabis. The themes of Edgar Degas and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, as well as the style of the latter, exerted the strongest influence. Picassos Blue Room reflects the work of both these painters and, at the same time, shows his evolution toward the Blue Period, so called because various shades of blue dominated his work for the next few years. Expressing human misery, the paintings portray blind figures, beggars, alcoholics, and prostitutes, their somewhat elongated bodies reminiscent of works by the Spanish artist El Greco. Rose Period in Paris, Picasso met Fernande Shortly after settling Olivier, the first of many companions to influence the theme, style, and mood of his work. With this happy relationship, Picasso changed his palette to pinks and reds; the years 1904 and 1905 are thus called the Rose Period. Many of his subjects were drawn from the circus, which he visited several times a week; one such painting is Family of Saltimbanques. In the figure of the harlequin, Picasso represented his alter ego, a practice he repeated in later works as well. Dating from his first decade in Paris are friendships with the poet Max Jacob, the writer Guillaume Apollinaire, the art dealers Ambroise Vollard and Daniel Henry Kahnweiler, and the American expatriate writers Gertrude Stein and her brother Leo, who were his first important patrons; Picasso did portraits of them all. Protocubism In the summer of 1906, during Picassos stay in Gosol, Spain, his work entered a new phase, marked by the influence of Greek, Iberian, and African art. His celebrated portrait of Gertrude Stein reveals a masklike treatment of her face. The key work of this early period, however, is Les demoiselles dAvignon, so radical in style—its picture surface resembling fractured glass—that it was not even understood by contemporary avant-garde painters and critics. Destroyed were spatial depth and the ideal form of the female nude, which Picasso restructured into harsh, angular planes. Cubism—Analytic and Synthetic Inspired by the volumetric treatment of form by the French postimpressionist artist Paul Cezanne, Picasso and the French artist Georges Braque painted landscapes in 1908 in a style later described by a critic as being made of â€Å"little cubes,† thus leading to the term cubism. Some of their paintings are so similar that it is difficult to tell them apart. Working together between 1908 and 1911, they were concerned with breaking down and analyzing form, and together they developed the first phase of cubism, known as analytic cubism. Monochromatic color schemes were favored in their depictions of radically fragmented motifs, whose several sides were shown simultaneously. Picassos favorite subjects were musical instruments, still-life objects, and his friends. In 1912, pasting paper and a piece of oilcloth to the canvas and combining these with painted areas, Picasso created his first collage, Still Life with Chair Caning. This technique marked a transition to synthetic cubism. This second phase of cubism is more decorative, and color plays a major role, although shapes remain fragmented and flat. Picasso was to practice synthetic cubism throughout his career, but by no means exclusively. Cubist Sculpture Picasso created cubist sculptures as well as paintings. He also made constructions—such as Mandolin and Clarinet f rom odds and ends of wood, metal, paper, and nonartistic materials, in which he explored the spatial hypotheses of cubist painting. His Glass of Absinthe, combining a silver sugar strainer with a painted bronze sculpture, anticipates his much later â€Å"found object† creations, such as Baboon and Young, as well as pop art objects of the 1960s. Realist and Surrealist Works During World War I (1914-1918), Picasso went to Rome, working as a designer with Sergey Diaghilev and the Ballets Russes. He met and married the dancer Olga Koklova. In a realist style, Picasso made several portraits of her around 1917, of their son, and of numerous friends. In the early 1920s he did tranquil, neoclassical pictures of heavy, sculpturesque figures, an example being Three Women at the Spring, and works inspired by mythology, such as The Pipes of Pan. At the same time, Picasso also created strange pictures of small-headed bathers and violent convulsive portraits of women which are often taken to indicate the tension he experienced in his marriage. Although he stated he was not a surrealist, many of his pictures have a surreal and disturbing quality, as in Sleeping Woman in Armchair and Seated Bather. Paintings of the Early 1930s Several cubist paintings of the early 1930s, stressing harmonious, curvilinear lines and expressing an underlying eroticism, reflect Picassos pleasure with his newest love, Marie Th?r?se Walter, who gave birth to their daughter Ma?a in 1935. Marie Th?r?se, frequently portrayed sleeping, also was the model for the famous Girl Before a Mirror. In 1935 Picasso made the etching Minotauromachy, a major work combining his minotaur and bullfight themes; in it the disemboweled horse, as well as the bull, prefigure the imagery of Guernica, a mural often called the most important single work of the 20th century. GuernicaPicasso was moved to paint the huge mural Guernica shortly after German planes, acting on orders from Spains authoritarian leader Francisc o Franco, bombarded the Basque town of Guernica on April 26, 1937, during the Spanish civil war. Completed in less than two months, Guernica was hung in the Spanish Pavilion of the Paris International Exposition of 1937. The painting does not portray the event; rather, Picasso expressed his outrage by employing such imagery as the bull, the dying horse, a fallen warrior, a mother and dead child, a woman trapped in a burning building, another rushing into the scene, and a figure leaning from a window and holding out a lamp. Despite the complexity of its symbolism, and the impossibility of definitive interpretation, Guernica makes an overwhelming impact in its portrayal of the horrors of war. World War II and After Picassos palette grew somber with the onset of World War II (1939-1945), and death is the subject of numerous works, such as Still Life with Steers Skull and The Charnel House. He formed a new liaison during the 1940s with the painter Fran?oise Gilot who bore him two childr en, Claude and Paloma; they appear in many works that recapitulate his earlier styles. The last of Picassos companions to be portrayed was Jacqueline Roque, whom he met in 1953 and married in 1961. He then spent much of his time in southern France. Late Works: RecapitulationMany of Picassos later pictures were based on works by great masters of the past—Diego Velazquez, Gustave Courbet, Eugene Delacroix, and Edouard Manet. In addition to painting, Picasso worked in various media, making hundreds of lithographs in the renowned Paris graphics workshop, Atelier Mourlot. Ceramics also engaged his interest, and in 1947, in Vallauris, he produced nearly 2000 pieces. summary Throughout Picassos lifetime, his work was exhibited on countless occasions. Most unusual, however, was the 1971 exhibition at the Louvre, in Paris, honoring him on his 90th birthday; until then, living artists had not been shown there. In 1980 a major retrospective showing of his work was held at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. Picasso died in his villa Notre-Dame-de-Vie near Mougins on April 8, 1973. Arts Essays

Recruiting Top Talent

Executive Summary Many businesses that have boasted of success know what it means to recruit and preserve top-talent human resources. Failure in almost all organizations is associated with poor workers and leadership.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Recruiting Top Talent specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Getting talented employees involves recruitment and selection processes that must be conducted properly if the company intends to boast of a talented workforce. Thus, the human resource deparent must learn the methods of hiring, recruiting, and retaining employees to maximize productivity. This paper offers a review of various techniques that an organization can adopt to recruit and keep expertise. It comprises an annotated bibliography of authors from different industries such as the food-manufacturing sector and community banks among others. The industries provide a broad scope from which organizations can borro w ideas. However, irrespective of the industry, it is a common agreement that organizations should enhance job satisfaction by offering lucrative compensation and training programs. Introduction Employees form the most crucial asset in an organization. They help the organization to realize its key agenda of being the best in its industry. Hence, the issue of recruiting the best human resources is imperative for companies that wish to record a long-term success in their lines of operation. This paper presents literature on the strategies that various industries have adopted to tap and maintain the best-talented employees. It also presents an annotated bibliography on the same subject. Recruiting Top Talent Anita (2014) uses the machine data analytics industry to address the issue of recruitment in this sector. She regards getting and keeping top-notch talent as one of the main challenges that affect the industry. New opportunities will push entrepreneurs to adopt new business models to fit in the industry.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The increased demand from customers and high competition will pressure entrepreneurs to seek skilled employees and/or initiate skills to retain them. According to Anita (2014), recruiting and retaining staff can reduce the cost of operation while at the same time enhancing productivity. Retention of experience employees enables entrepreneurs to survive in the competitive field. Hence, they must learn techniques to keep their staff members. Coulter (2013) paints the picture of recruitment as it appears in the law sector. To offer quality services, law firms need to have partners that not only have a wide scope of the industry but also keep with the changes. To ensure that they hire and retain staff members, law firms should strive to understand the goals and ambitions of their employees. They should keep them connected w ith the firms’ proceedings. Moreover, Coulter (2013) asserts that law firms find it arduous to recruit employees who can give a sound legal advice to international clients who need foreign jurisdiction. Despite the high rate of joblessness, organizations still fail to get competent employees. Moreover, even for those who are employed, According to Credit Union National Association (2012) shows how most of them remain dissatisfied because of the low remuneration and poor working conditions. However, through cooperation, executives can successfully get proficient staff members. Some of the techniques for getting and keeping talented employees include treating human resources differently since not all of them have similar interests and personalities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Recruiting Top Talent specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nonetheless, any company should strive to align the interests of employee s with those of the company. According to Credit Union National Association’s vice president, Randy Kohout, executives should aim to understand what their staff members require in an effort to harmonize talent management processes with the workers’ needs. It is important to offer orientation programs for new recruits to know the mission and objectives of the organization. While recruiting employees, D’Uva (2014) says that it is important to ensure that the chosen candidate will fill the available position in the organization. It is also important for a company to have a succession plan. D’Uva (2014) reveals how most companies often have the most qualified employees. However, the absence of a succession plan does not encourage employees to work hard. Moreover, competent staff members are also retained by lucrative compensation plans. Any company should restrict itself to offering not only the basic salary but also attractive allowances. It should also cate r for the welfare of its employees. One of the keys strategies for retaining employees is creating policies that will make employees feel that their effort is being recognized and rewarded by the firm. During an interview session, it is necessary for an organization to have a panel to limit the chances of favoritism. Moreover, once a candidate is hired, he or she should be trained to perfect his or her skills while at the same time understanding and acclimatizing to the organization’s culture. After the orientation is over, it good for the management to remain vigilant of the new recruits, evaluate their productivity, and/or assist them whenever they go wrong.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Dennis (2014) asserts that employers should conduct performance evaluation and reward employees who are performing impressively as a means of motivating them to continue working hard and/or encouraging other workers to perform better. Dennis (2014) says that compensations should not always interlace with performance evaluation since this link may have a general demoralizing impact on employees. Through comprehensive studies and interviews from leaders of some of the most successful organizations in the world such as Cisco, Ford, and General Electric, Devine and Syrett (2014) explain some of the techniques that companies can employ to retain their staff. It provides practical steps through which companies can improve employee talent. Having performance appraisal programs that recognize and reward employee efforts is one of the techniques that Devine and Syrett (2014) claim can help in retaining workers. The rapid political, social, and economic changes have created an environment whe re employees have to be quick in learning new skills. Although a company may recruit talented employees, their skills may soon be rendered irrelevant if the organization does not invest in training and motivating employees. Fernà ¡ndez (2014) emphasizes the need to provide professional training programs to preserve the current workforce while encouraging creativity, innovation employee engagement in the activities of the firm. Galpin, Whittington, and Maellaro (2012) use several examples of companies that succeed in selecting and retaining talented staff members. A good example is the Borland Software that retained 200 employees who could manage various programs after Lexington was acquired. When identifying top talent, a company should consider individuals who demonstrate not only maturity but also the ability to maintain a healthy relationship with other workers. Such individuals can meet the general business strategy. Moreover, Galpin et al. (2012) say that the key to retaining employees lies in the ability to engage staff in business activities, satisfying their needs, and motivating them towards accomplishing the goals of the organization. Companies should also create policies that attract the labor force through measures such as issuing attracting benefits, allowing workers to balance their individual lives, and career. Moreover, the book emphasizes the need for managers to harmonize the interest of employees from different generations and align them with the culture and practices of the company. Retention policies should also reduce employee burnout by investigating the gaps that cause burnout and develop working conditions that limit exhaustion. Rewarding employees through promotions also encourages them to work harder. Motivated employees are able to devote most of their energy, skills, and time to serving in an organization. They anticipate that their hard work will be reimbursed through career development. From another angle, food-manufacturing com panies require constant skill development. Hence, the management can consider it important to introduce online courses that can keep employees with updated skills in the most efficient areas. Conclusion Through the expositions that have been made in this paper, there is a need for employers to diversify their search for employees through other means such as internships and/or training programs. Organizations should invest in their employees since they (employees) determine whether they (organizations) can succeed or not in their diverse fields of operation. Annotated Bibliography Anita, S. (2014). Finding and Retaining Top-notch Talent Is the Biggest Challenge for Entrepreneurs. Siliconindia, 17(7), 12-12. In this article, Anita identifies some of the developments and issues that affect the machine data analytics industry. The market has become more competitive because of the rapid technology advancement. Anita estimates some of the future developments in the industry in areas such as sensors and connectivity. Anita helps readers to understand the general significance of proper recruiting and retention skills in an organization. Coulter, S. (2013). Finding and retaining the best talent. Inside Counsel, 24(263), 16-16. Coulter focuses on the need and benefits of getting and keeping competent employees in a law firm. He observes that law firms often face the challenge of leading their staff to cope with the changing legal world, maximizing profits, and minimizing expenses. To eliminate these challenges, Coulter avers that law firms need to create a strong bond with employees where they (workers) are updated on new developments. Credit Union National Association. (2012). Strategies for Retaining Top Talent. E-Scan Newsletter, 38(8), 1-2. The article claims that the task of hiring and retaining should not solely lie with the human resource manager. Instead, it should be done through cooperation among executives. Moreover, executives should assess the performance o f the recruits after some intervals to help employees to know any shortfalls and strengths so that they can improve where necessary. D’Uva, F. (2014). Attracting, Rewarding and Retaining Top Talent. Banking New  York, 31(1), 10-11. D’Uva reveals how community banks have rapidly developed within four decades. Time is ripe for the industry to begin recruiting and retaining talented staff members. D’Uva offers exhaustive steps that ensure that a company keeps its staff members. The article emphasizes the need to create reward programs to attract potential employees whilst motivating the existing staff officials. Dennis, D. (2014). Top Talent: How to Hire Manage Employees. Massage  Magazine, 213(1), 30-33. In this article, Dennis comprehensively illustrates the right techniques that an organization can adopt while recruiting employees. He explains the need for preparing a detailed job description that outlines the duties and qualifications that are expected fro m the applicants. Dennis shows how important it is for companies to have a selection process that can reveal the capabilities of the shortlisted candidates. The article provides a good understanding on how a company can recruit, hire, and retain top talented employees. Devine, M., Syrett, M. (2014). The Economist: Managing Talent: Recruiting,  retaining and getting the most from talented people. London: Profile Books. Devine and Syrett claim that the prosperity of any organization relies heavily on the performance of its staff members. Performance has inspired companies to hire the most qualified members of staff. However, although recruiting workers is usually an easy process for most institutions, ensuring that workers utilize their full potential while staying in the company is usually a tricky affair. They emphasize the need for companies to realize the career goals of their staff members whilst helping them achieve them (goals) while in the company. Fernà ¡ndez, A. (2014). 21st-Century talent spotting. Harvard Business Review,  92(6), 46-54. Fernà ¡ndez confirms that it possible in the contemporary business environment for an individual who has sufficient expertise to perform below average while a less qualified person can perform above standard. Fernà ¡ndez says that the current world of business requires not only academic qualifications and experience but also talent. Fernà ¡ndez shows how top talent is sparse in the competitive business environment. Hence, it should consider the techniques of retaining expertise. Galpin, T., Whittington, J., Maellaro, R. (2012). Identifying, Retaining and Re-Engaging Key Talent During Mergers and Acquisitions: A Best Practices Framework. People Strategy, 35(1), 42-48. Galpin et al. (2012) describe the most effective strategy for selecting and keeping top talents in mergers and acquisition (MA). Most employees quit their positions few months after MA. If top talents quit the company, money that is invested in the M A can only lead to losses. Although the article focuses on MA, the steps the authors offer are essential and applicable to any other organization that seeks to recruit and retain its employees. Harvard Business School Press. (2013). Retaining Employees: Expert Solutions  to Everyday Challenges. Massachusetts, MA: Harvard Business Press. The book describes practices that can help executives to win and retain proficient employees. According to the Harvard Business School Press, it is important to understand the external business environment such as population and cultural changes before drafting retention policies. This book offers the core principles that a company will need when preparing retention policies. Knights, M. (2013). The Employee Engagement Challenge: Hiring, Training and Retaining Key Staff. Food Engineering, 85(8), 36-42. Knights discusses the recruiting, training, and retraining strategies that food-manufacturing industries adopt to overcome fiscal recessions. He focuses on the measures that were adopted by the management of J.R. Simplot. The company developed a program whereby it recruited talented employees, assigned them to various departments, and trained them in the culture and practice of the business. This strategy helped them to fill competitive positions such as project officers and packaging engineers. They also initiated internship for engineering graduates to help them to pick the most talented staff people. To enhance the skill of the available human resources, the management established an internal professional training program. Reference List Anita, S. (2014). Finding and Retaining Top-notch Talent Is the Biggest Challenge for Entrepreneurs. Siliconindia, 17(7), 12-12. Coulter, S. (2013). Finding and retaining the best talent. Inside Counsel, 24(263), 16-16. Credit Union National Association. (2012). Strategies for Retaining Top Talent. E-Scan Newsletter, 38(8), 1-2. D’Uva, F. (2014). Attracting, Rewarding and Retai ning Top Talent. Banking New  York, 31(1), 10-11. Dennis, D. (2014). Top Talent: How to Hire Manage Employees. Massage  Magazine, 213(1), 30-33. Devine, M., Syrett, M. (2014). The Economist: Managing Talent: Recruiting,  retaining and getting the most from talented people. London: Profile Books. Fernà ¡ndez, A. (2014). 21st-Century talent spotting. Harvard Business Review,  92(6), 46-54. Galpin, T., Whittington, J., Maellaro, R. (2012). Identifying, Retaining and Re-Engaging Key Talent During Mergers and Acquisitions: A Best Practices Framework. People Strategy, 35(1), 42-48. Harvard Business School Press. (2013). Retaining Employees: Expert Solutions to  Everyday Challenges. Massachusetts, MA: Harvard Business Press. Knights, M. (2013). The Employee Engagement Challenge: Hiring, Training and Retaining Key Staff. Food Engineering, 85(8), 36-42. This essay on Recruiting Top Talent was written and submitted by user Chase Robbins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Boston College Video Essay Sample

Boston College Video Essay SampleAre you looking for a compelling Boston College video essay sample? Are you a student looking for a great way to show off your ability to write good essays? Read on!There are many videos online that you can view and learn from. You can find tutorials, seminars, and any other source of information that will help you better understand the essay writing process.There are also different approaches to essay writing that will teach you how to do it the right way. I've learned some important things over the years by studying these types of materials, and this is one of the things that I really look for in a Boston College video essay sample.One of the things that I notice when looking at a Boston College video is the use of specific examples that showcase each style that you can choose from. This helps you see what kind of style you should be using to write your own essay.The examples are also quite detailed in how they portray the example and also give you an idea as to how the professor used a specific example. This is why I'm so impressed by the clarity of the examples in these videos.Boston College uses similar techniques throughout all of their videos that I have seen. Whether it's the use of general examples or specific examples, the courses in all of the videos demonstrate that the company and professors are dedicated to teaching you the correct way to write an essay.Boston College is not going to take your essay and simply rewrite it to make it unique to you. They will provide you with the example they want you to understand the importance of when it comes to the essay.If you are a student who is struggling with your grades, finding a Boston College video essay sample may be the perfect way to overcome your issues. They'll help you understand the concept of what an essay is all about and the steps to getting the job done.

Manganese Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements

Manganese Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements Manganese  Basic Facts Atomic Number: 25 Symbol: Mn Atomic Weight: 54.93805 Discovery: Johann Gahn, Scheele, Bergman 1774 (Sweden) Electron Configuration: [Ar]4s2 3d5 Word Origin: Latin magnes: magnet, referring to the magnetic properties of pyrolusite; Italian manganese: corrupt form of magnesia Properties: Manganese has a melting point of 1244/-3 °C, boiling point of 1962 °C, specific gravity of 7.21 to 7.44 (depending on allotropic form), and valence of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 7. Ordinary manganese is a hard and brittle gray-white metal. It is chemically reactive and slowly decomposes in cold water. Manganese metal is ferromagnetic (only) after special treatment. There are four allotropic forms of manganese. The alpha form is stable at normal temperatures. The gamma form changes to the alpha form at ordinary temperature. In contrast to the alpha form, the gamma form is soft, flexible, and easily cut. Uses: Manganese is an important alloying agent. It is added to improve the strength, toughness, stiffness, hardness, wear resistance, and hardenability of steels. Together with aluminum and antimony, especially in the presence of copper, it forms highly ferromagnetic alloys. Manganese dioxide is used as a depolarizer in dry cells and as a decolorizing agent for glass that has been colored green due to iron impurities. The dioxide is also used in drying black paints and in the preparation of oxygen and chlorine. Manganese colors glass an amethyst color and is the coloring agent in natural amethyst. The permanganate is used as an oxidizing agent and is useful for qualitative analysis and in medicine. Manganese is an important trace element in nutrition, although exposure to the element is toxic in higher quantities. Sources: In 1774, Gahn isolated manganese by reducing its dioxide with carbon. The metal may also be obtained by electrolysis or by reducing the oxide with sodium, magnesium, or aluminum. Manganese-containing minerals are widely distributed. Pyrolusite (MnO2) and rhodochrosite (MnCO3) are among the most common of these minerals. Element Classification: Transition Metal Isotopes: There are known 25 isotopes of manganese ranging from Mn-44 to Mn-67 and Mn-69. The only stable isotope is Mn-55. The next most stable isotope is Mn-53 with a half-life of 3.74 x 106 years. Density (g/cc): 7.21 Manganese Physical Data Melting Point (K): 1517 Boiling Point (K): 2235 Appearance: Hard, brittle, grayish-white metal Atomic Radius (pm): 135 Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 7.39 Covalent Radius (pm): 117 Ionic Radius: 46 (7e) 80 (2e) Specific Heat (20 °C J/g mol): 0.477 Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): (13.4) Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 221 Debye Temperature (K): 400.00 Pauling Negativity Number: 1.55 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 716.8 Oxidation States: 7, 6, 4, 3, 2, 0, -1 The most common oxidation states are 0, 2, 6 and 7 Lattice Structure: Cubic Lattice Constant (Ã…): 8.890 CAS registry number: 7439-96-5 Manganese Trivia: Manganese dioxide is used to make clear glass. Normal silica glass is tinted green and the manganese oxides add a purple tint to the glass that cancels out the green. Because of this property, glassmakers called it glassmakers soap.Manganese is found in the enzymes necessary to metabolize fats and carbohydrates.Manganese is found in the bones, liver, kidneys, and pancreas.Manganese is important in the processes that form bones, clots blood, and regulates blood sugar.As important as manganese is to our health, the body does not store manganese.Manganese is the 12th most abundant element in the Earths crust.Manganese has an abundance of 2 x 10-4 mg/L in sea water (parts per million).The permanganate ion (MnO4-) contains the 7 oxidation state of manganese.Manganese was found in a black mineral called magnes from the ancient Greek kingdom of Magnesia. Magnes was actually two different minerals, magnetite and pyrolusite. The pyrolusite mineral (manganese dioxide) was called magnesia. Manganese is used in steel production to fix the sulfur found in iron ores. It also strengthens steel and prevents oxidation. References: Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (18th Ed.) International Atomic Energy Agency ENSDF database (Oct 2010)

Rivalry Between Beijing vs. Shanghai

Rivalry Between Beijing vs. Shanghai Beijing and Shanghai are arguably China’s two most famous and most important cities. One is the center of government, the other the center of modern commerce. One is steeped in history, the other is a glittering tribute to modernity. You might imagine that the two fit together like yin and yang, complimenting each other, and maybe that’s true... but they also hate each other. Beijing and Shanghai have a fierce rivalry that’s been going on for decades, and it’s fascinating. What Shanghai Thinks of Beijing and Vice Versa In Shanghai, people will tell you Beijing ren (Ã¥Å'â€"ä º ¬Ã¤ º º, â€Å"Beijingers†) are arrogant and uncouth. Although the city is host to more than 20 million people, Shanghai’s denizens will tell you they act like peasants- friendly, perhaps, but blustery and uncultured. Certainly not as refined and fashionable as Shanghaiers! â€Å"They [Beijingers] smell like garlic,† one Shanghai resident told the LA Times in an article on the rivalry. In Beijing, on the other hand, they’ll tell you that Shanghai people only care about money; they’re unfriendly to outsiders and selfish even among themselves. Shanghai men are said to place too much importance on business while being impotent pushovers at home. Shanghai women are supposedly bossy dragon ladies who push their men around whenever they’re not too busy spending their money shopping. â€Å"All they care for is themselves and their money,† a Beijinger told the LA Times. When Did the Rivalry Originate? Although China has dozens of huge cities these days, Beijing and Shanghai have played a major role in China’s culture for centuries. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Shanghai clearly had the upper hand it was the center of Chinese fashion, the â€Å"Paris of the East†, and Westerners flocked to the cosmopolitan city. After the revolution in 1949, though, Beijing became the center of China’s political and cultural power, and Shanghai’s influence waned. When China’s economy was opened up following the Cultural Revolution, Shanghai’s influence began to rise again, and the city became the heart of Chinese finance (and fashion). Of course, it’s not all macroeconomics and geopolitics. Although denizens of both cities would like to believe their cities are more influential, there is also a grain of truth to the stereotypes and jokes that get passed around; Shanghai and Beijing do have very different cultures, and the cities look and feel different. The Rivalry Today These days, Beijing and Shanghai are considered mainland China’s two greatest cities, and although the government being located in Beijing means that Beijing will probably have the upper hand for the foreseeable future, but that hasn’t stopped the two from competing. The Beijing Olympics in 2008, followed by Shanghai’s World Expo in 2010, have been a great source of fodder for comparative arguments about the virtues and faults of the two cities, and denizens of both will argue it was their city that put on the better show when they were on the world stage. Of course, the rivalry also plays out in professional sports. In basketball, a match between the Beijing Ducks and the Shanghai Sharks can be counted on to be contentious, and both teams are among the best in the league historically, though it has been more than a decade since the Sharks made an appearance in the finals. In soccer, Beijing Guoan and Shanghai Shenhua duke it out for bragging rights each year (though again, Beijing has had more recent success than Shanghai in the league). It’s unlikely that Beijingers and Shanghaiers will ever see totally eye to eye. It’s worth noting that the Beijing versus Shanghai feud sometimes even extends the ​city’s expatriate communities, so if you’re looking for a Chinese city to live in, choose wisely.